The capacity utilization rate of the transformer industry is only 50%

1. Basic situation

In 2012, the output growth rate of my country's electrical industry products slowed down. From January to December, the output of the 22 major categories of main products that were mainly counted, of which only 68% achieved an increase, and the output of the remaining 32% decreased year-on-year. As the leading product of power generation equipment (generator sets), the output from January to December was 126.8322 million kilowatts, down 8.9% from the same period of the previous year.

Among the power transmission and distribution equipment, the output of transformers was 1,431,321,800 kVA, a year-on-year decrease of 0.36%, the high-voltage switchboard was 1,619,800, a year-on-year increase of 13.12%, and the low-voltage switchboard was 33,138,500, a year-on-year increase of 4.48%; as the most important electrical equipment , the output of AC motors in 2012 was 256.9132 million kilowatts, a year-on-year decrease of 3.55%.

Generally speaking, it is reasonable to measure the relatively normal market competition internationally, and the utilization rate of production capacity exceeds 80%. In 2012, the capacity utilization rate of my country's thermal power equipment industry, hydropower equipment industry, and nuclear power equipment industry was 70% to 75%. The utilization rate of photovoltaic capacity is less than 60%, and the utilization rate of wind power capacity is less than 70%. The capacity utilization rate of the transformer industry is only about 50%.

The total production capacity of the three major power plant boiler plants is 90 million kilowatts, but the actual output is only 50 million kilowatts, and the capacity utilization rate is only 55.56%. Serious overcapacity.

The production capacity of my country's nuclear power equipment is about 12 sets, but only 3 sets have been approved, and the utilization of production capacity is seriously insufficient. (It is hoped that the government will speed up the approval of nuclear power projects on the premise of ensuring safety, resolve the recent overcapacity in the nuclear power equipment industry and prevent the future supply shortage of nuclear power equipment.)

Due to overcapacity, the vicious competition in the market is very serious, and the period cost is relatively large. In addition, due to the unequal status between electrical equipment manufacturers and users, the inventories and accounts receivable of electrical equipment manufacturers remain high. The proportion of accounts receivable, inventory and operating income is shown in Table 3. The price of power generation equipment products has been falling all the way. Compared with 2008, the price of boilers with one million units has dropped by about 340 million yuan, the price of steam turbines with one million units has dropped by about 120 million yuan, and the price of power plants with one million units has dropped by about 120 million yuan. The price of the machine has been reduced by about 20 million yuan.

The price of wind turbines dropped from 6,500 yuan/kW in 2008 to 5,400 yuan/kW in 2009, and then fell below 4,000 yuan/kW in 2010. Today, the price of wind turbines has dropped to 3,750 yuan/kW.

In recent years, the price of power transmission and transformation equipment has fallen particularly seriously. Most of the products are sold at a level close to the cost, and enterprises have no profit. In this case, product quality has been seriously damaged; in addition, the price level has continued to rise, and these enterprises are unable to provide employees with salaries that are compatible with the social and economic environment, making it difficult to stabilize the team and the problem of large personnel mobility. protrude. The excessive flow of personnel will not only cause the loss of talents, but may even take away part of the core technology of the original enterprise, causing greater losses to the enterprise.

Taking 550kV GIS as an example, when domestic enterprises cannot produce 550kV GIS, the price of buying foreign products is as high as 70 million yuan, and when a domestic enterprise can cooperate in production, the price drops to 40 million yuan. When it can be produced by itself, the price has dropped to about 10 million yuan. In recent years, the price has only been about 4 million yuan. While the average price per interval of 110kV GIS in 2006 was around 800,000 yuan, the winning bid price per interval in the first batch of State Grid bidding in 2012 was less than 400,000 yuan, a drop of more than 50%. And this is only the marked price of the product. If the social price increase factor is included, the actual price of the product is lower.